When it comes to breeding and selling puppies, the decision to use a written contract can be surprisingly controversial. Some people feel it's unnecessary or a sign of mistrust, while others view it as essential. The truth lies in the middle: a well-written contract isn’t about mistrust, it’s about clarity, protection, and, most importantly, advocating for the well-being of the dog.
A contract protects all parties involved, especially the one who can’t speak for themselves—the puppy.
What Does a Puppy Contract Do?
A contract:
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Sets clear expectations and responsibilities
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Removes ambiguity
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Ensures both the breeder and buyer are aligned on the dog's long-term welfare
What to Include in a Puppy Buyer Contract
1. Basic Care and Maintenance
Outline your expectations for the puppy’s daily care, including:
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Nutrition: Specify diet type (e.g., grain-free, breed-specific, etc.) and feeding schedule
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Clean Water: Constant access to fresh, clean water
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Shelter: Safe, weather-appropriate housing
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Medical Care: Regular veterinary visits, vaccinations, deworming, and flea/tick prevention
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Grooming: Bathing, nail trims, and breed-specific grooming
Sample Clause:
"Buyer agrees to feed high-quality dog food, maintain routine veterinary care, and follow the vaccination schedule provided by the breeder."
2. Living Environment and Safety
Describe the type of environment the puppy should be raised in to support its physical and mental well-being:
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Secure Fencing: Required if the dog has outdoor access
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Exercise: Daily activity appropriate to the breed’s needs
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Identification: Microchip and/or collar ID tags
Sample Clause:
"The dog will not be left outside unattended for extended periods and will have access to shelter and shaded areas at all times."
3. Ownership Transfers and Rehoming
To ensure the dog is never placed in a shelter or at risk:
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No Shelter Surrender: The buyer must return the dog to the breeder if they can no longer care for it
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Right of First Refusal: The breeder is contacted before any rehoming
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Approved Rehoming Process: Outline any acceptable rehoming protocols
Sample Clause:
"If the buyer is no longer able to care for the dog, the breeder must be notified first and retains the right to reclaim or approve rehoming."
4. Health and Temperament Disclosure
Transparency builds trust. Disclose the puppy’s health status and any known issues:
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Vet Records: Include documented medical history, vaccines, and checkups
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Health Concerns: Mention any congenital or current health issues
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Temperament Notes: Disclose behavioral quirks, fears, or training progress
Sample Clause:
"The breeder confirms that the puppy was examined by a licensed veterinarian on [insert date] and was deemed healthy with no known congenital defects at the time of sale."
Why the AKC Recommends Written Contracts
While the American Kennel Club (AKC) does not enforce contracts, they strongly encourage them. A written agreement offers both breeder and buyer peace of mind and sets the foundation for a responsible and ethical relationship.
The AKC also provides helpful contract templates and resources for breeders who want to build a solid and ethical agreement.
Final Thoughts: A Promise to the Puppy
A puppy contract is more than a legal form, it's a symbol of your commitment to that dog’s health, safety, and lifelong happiness. When thoughtfully written, a contract:
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Prevents misunderstandings
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Protects the welfare of the puppy
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Builds lasting trust between breeder and buyer
Ready to Write Your Own Contract?
Explore trusted breeder resources, example contracts, and ethical guidelines to help you create a comprehensive agreement tailored to your values—and to the life you’re helping bring into the world.
https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/dog-breeding/preparing-a-contract-for-puppy-buyers/
